Q:先生曾翻译金朝元好问《摸鱼儿》词,把「问世间,情是何物,直教生死相许?」译做Tell me,what in fact is love in this temporal world, that it can make lover spledge each other their lives?窃以为infact改为on earth会好一点,而that it can make文法错误,that应改为which,can make改为makes也会好一点。
A:首先请看Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English里what on earth的注释:(spoken口语)used to ask a question when you are very surprised or angry(惊奇或愤怒时提出问题的用语)。元好问原作文字典雅,以what on earth这样的口头俗语翻译,未免唐突西子。而what on earth通常带的不耐烦口气,也不见于原作。
第二,which指句前的love,不是不可以,但文法上似乎是代表this temporal world,多少会引起疑惑。而即使没有疑惑,which一字也用得太硬太死板。
拙译的that,是古英文用法,作连接词,带出事物的结果,颇像现代英文的such that或so that,例如英国诗人科伯(William Cowper1731-1800)有句说:Did famine or plague prevail/That so mush death appears?(是饥荒抑大疫肆虐,死者一多如此?)
「直教」是「可以使到」,却不是说必然的结果,所以我取that it can make而不取which makes:can有「可能」的意思。 |