「黑」是中国的五色之一,所谓「五色」者指的是「青、黄、赤、白、黑」等颜色。在国人的意识形态中,「黑」究竟代表什么概念呢?从「扫黑」行动所用的「黑」字看来,其所代表者显然是与暴力及罪恶有关,指社会「恶」的一面。我们常指别人的胡说乱道为「指黑为白;颠倒是非」,台语则说「黑白讲」(这种说法似乎不分中外,不谋而合;英文说"call white black"或"call black white")。此处的「黑」与「白」所指的是"right and wrong"(是非),或"good or bad"(善恶)。不管如何,「黑」总是代表非,「非」即「恶」了。「黑」代表「恶」的中文词句俯拾皆是,如:黑幕(an unprintable secret behind the scenes; the cover-up for evil deeds),黑道日(﹦凶日,an unlucky day),黑话 (the secret jargon, the argot of criminals),黑货 (stolen goods; smuggled goods ; opium),黑业 (black deeds, evil deeds),黑脸 (cunning person),黑心(black heart, evil heart; greed),黑道人物 (a gangster; an underworld figure) ,黑店(an inn which is run by thieves as a trap to steal, rob or even murder unwary travelers)等等。我们也常一竿子打落一船人地说「天下乌鸦一般黑」来暗示一群人都不是好东西。中文的「黑」是相等于英文的“black”;用作名词时,其字义为「黑,黑色;黑色颜料;黑墨水;黑人;黑衣;【靶的】中心黑点;黑斑;污点」等等。当作形容词使用时,则除了「黑的,黑色的;黑人的;黑衣的」等义之外,还用于表示「暗淡的,阴郁的,沮丧的;险恶的,邪恶的;不吉利的」等。本文的讨论范围将只限于这些表示后者的字义及其用法。
我们先来看一看“black”一词的若干例句:
He is black with anger.
(他气得脸色发青。)
He is not so black as he is painted.
(他不像所传闻的那么坏。)
He looks as black as thunder.
(他看起来一副像雷公的凶相。)
The prospects for a ban on nuclear weapons look black.
(核武限制的前途极为黯淡。)
He gave a black look at the impolite waiter in the restaurant.
(他对不礼貌的餐厅服务员狠狠地看了一眼。)
As prices have dropped lower and lower, the outlook looks black for many companies in the city.
(当价格一再下跌,对市内许多公司来说前景大为不妙。
原文请访问:http://blog.onlycollege.com.cn/662/viewspace-19949