Part 1 Words and expressions
<!--[if !supportLists]-->1. <!--[endif]-->Southampton n. 南安普敦
文化：英格兰南部港市
Northampton: n. 北安普敦--the birthplace of Princess Diana
<!--[if !supportLists]-->2. <!--[endif]-->sail for 航海去往某处 set sail for…..
The researchers will sail for Antarctica early next month, in an expedition funded by the Australian and New Zealand governments.
__研究者将于下个月初开始去南极的航行，踏上一段由澳洲和新西兰政府出资赞助的行程。
How many days will it __take__to sail from Southampton to NewYork?
联想词：sailboat __帆船___ sailplane__滑翔机___
Proverb：
Strike the iron while it is hot=hoist your sail while the wind is strong (趁热打铁、乘风扬帆)
人：
sailor: e.g. He is not a good sailor ( he is seasick)
<!--[if !supportLists]-->3. <!--[endif]-->同义词：set out (off) for 出发去往某处, leave for, head for, make for
Eg: He will set out for the Atlantic.
The plane is making for the airport.
We are heading for Canada.
<!--[if !supportLists]-->4. <!--[endif]-->by current standards=by __modern__ standards 反义by _past__ standards
by=___according to____
词组：by regulation 依据规则
by rules 依据条例
by our estimate 根据我们的估计
by one’s looks / by one’s appearance 根据某人的长相
近义词：according to 依据 （事实、课文等客观存在的现实）
according to the fact 依据事实
according to the text 依据这篇课文
in accordance with 更加正式
4. colossal=big/ very big
表示大的词： giant/ gigantic/ large/ immense/ tremendous/
As a great many people will be visiting the country, the government will be building new hotels, an immense stadium, and a fine new swimming pool."
___因为许多人将到访该国，政府将建造新旅馆、一个大型体育馆和一个高标准的新的游泳池。______
A380看起来就像是空中飞行的一个巨大的鸟。
_____ A380 looks like a colossal flying bird in the air._________________
enormous, immense, huge, vast, gigantic, colossal, titanic, tremendous这组同义词的一般含义是“极大的”。
enormous不仅表示“块头”和“数量”方面的“大”，而且可以表示程度方面的“极大”，并且具有反常(abnormality)的内涵。
He earned enormous sums of money and was paid as much as ￡100,000 for a single appearence.
___他收入极高，每次露面可以获得高达10万英镑的报酬。____________________
immense 表示“特别大的”意思，其内涵是无法测量(immeasurableness)
The Titanic turned just in time, narrowly missing the immense wall of ice which rose over 100 feet out of the water beside her.
___泰坦尼克号及时转向，与旁边一个高出海面100英尺的冰山擦肩而过。____________
huge 强调体积方面的“巨大”
Four days after setting out, while the Titantic was sailing across the icy waters of the North Atlantic, a huge iceberg was suddenly spotted by a lookout.
___出发后四天，当泰坦尼克正驶过大西洋北部的冰冷的海水时，瞭望员发现了一座巨大的冰山。__________
vast 强调幅员“辽阔广大”
It is a vast expanse of desert. ____这片沙漠面积巨大_____
colossal 字面上的含义是“巨大的”，比喻如同Rhodes岛(土耳其西南)上Apollo神巨像那么大(120英尺高)。这个词常用来表示大得惊人或难以置信(stupendousness, incredibility)
Even by modern standards, the 46, 000 ton Titanic was a colossal ship.
___即使按照当今的标准，46000吨的泰坦尼克号也算得上一艘巨轮。__________
titanic原义指“泰坦神族的”(古希腊神，为泰坦族，身材庞大，并有惊天动地的力量)，常用来形容体积大而且力量大的机器。《泰坦尼克号》巨轮用Titanic为船名，即表示此船不仅巨大而且载重能力也强，经得起远航中的风浪
We have been making titanic effort to achieve our purpose.
___为了达成目标，我们付出了巨大的努力。___________
tremendous用于表示“大得惊人的”
In his day, Mendoza enjoyed tremendous popularity. 美杜莎在全盛时期极受人们欢迎。
4. watertight adj. 不漏水的；引申为无懈可击的，毫无破绽的
This is a watertight ship.___这是一个不漏水的船。___
watertight arguments ___无懈可击的观点__
watertight excuse ___天衣无缝的借口___
近义词waterproof 防水的(waterproof watch 防水手表waterproof coat 防水雨衣)
The Egyptian Pyramids are not only the largest tombs, but was regarded as impossible or unbelievable, for there were no advanced technology or enough laborers.
埃及金字塔不光是巨大的墓群，更重要的是：它的建造被认为是不可能的或不可思议的，因为当时并没有发达的科技或者足够的劳力（来支持它的建造）。
<!--[if !supportLists]-->1. <!--[endif]-->flood v. 充满水 n.洪水
其他表示自然灾害的单词：干旱：__drought__ 火山爆发__volcano eruption____________海啸__tsunami___
飓风/台风___hurricane/typhoon___ 龙卷风___tornado___ 沙尘暴___sandust____
比喻用法：
The room was flooded with moonlight.____屋里洒满了月光____
Our classroom was flooded with sunshine.______教室里洒满了阳光________
in a flood of words 滔滔不绝的
She blamed her husband in a flood of words on seeing him.___她一看到丈夫，就像机关枪一样责备他。_____________
Mr Willetts is not the only writer to worry about baby-boomers crashing through society like a flash flood.
____婴儿潮出生者会像猛烈的洪水一样对社会产生冲击---Willett先生不是唯一担心此事的人_________________
6. tragic adj. very sad; especially involving grief or death or destruction tragedy n.
Four tragedies: Hamlet、Othello、King Lear 、Romeo and Juliet(all by __Shakespeare________)
Four comedies: The Comedy of Errors(错误的喜剧), The Two Gentlemen of Verona(维洛那二绅士) All is well that ends well（吉人天相） The merchant of Venice
反义词：comedy 喜剧 comic 喜剧的，滑稽的 comedian
And it seems overwhelmingly likely that the latest plane crash is a tragic blunder-cum-accident(疏忽大意造成的事故）.
_____ 极有可能最近的空难是由于疏忽大意造成的悲剧。_________________
The tragedy of Mr Gorbachev's （戈尔巴乔夫）personal life was to outlive his beloved wife, Raisa.__ 戈尔巴乔夫人生不幸的事情是，他的爱妻Raisa先于他离开人世。________
尝试难句翻译：The tragedy of the sea is the tragedy of the commons, which is that anyone with access to a common resource has an interest in over-exploiting it because if he does not, someone else will.
___海洋面临的悲剧是大众的悲剧，也就是说，作为一个公共资源，所有人都能够使用，而如果他不去过度使用，那么别人就会捷足先登。____________________
