因果关系之由“因”至“果”

发布时间：2012-09-24

作者：

来源于：昂立外语网站

因果性论说文围绕事件为何发生(the causes)及事件的后果(the effects)展开。这是组织和探讨想法的一种常见方式。当想了解“因”的时候，我们会问：“这件事为什么会发生？”或者“目前这个局面背后的缘由是什么？”而当要明确“果”时，我们则会提出：“这将导致什么事件发生？”和“这一行动的结果是什么？”

　　上期本栏目探讨了事件的起因，我们以“果”开头来引出“因”。这一期我们则将从“因”入手来探寻“果”。

　　请看下面这篇小短文：

　　My Life Was Ruined by a Bird My life was ruined because of a bird.I know it seems hard to believe,but let me explain.It all started the night I stayed up writing my final paper,because I had been much too busy partying the week before to even think about science.I knew the paper was due on my teacher’s desk at8:00am,so I had it all planned out to get one hour’s sleep,and then drive my paper to the school.

　　When I got up in the morning,the trouble began.I stumbled over the clothes on the floor and spilled a cup of coffee on the paper.When I went to print it out a－gain,I realized that the ink was empty,so I needed a new ink cartridge.The computer store wasn’t open at that time in the morning,thus,I drove over to my friend’s house to print it.On the way,this stupid bird flewright in front of my car.It scared me so much that I swerved off of the road into the ditch.As a result,I had to call the tow truck to pull my car out of the ditch and by the time I got to my friend’s house and then to the school,it was already10:00am.My teacher said that the paper was too late to count and she gave me a“0.”

　　That“0”was enough to destroy my whole semester grade.Because I failed science,I had to take it over the next semester.I was a full semester behind my friends in college and I didn’t graduate with them.Consequently,all of the good opportunities were gone by the time I finished college.See,my ruined life is totally the bird’s fault!由“果”至“因”的写作步骤：1.在文章开篇就明确告诉读者最主要的“因”和“果”，让读者知道你会在下文中解释“因”如何导致了“果”。(以上文为例：Today,a bird caused me to fail my science class.Let me explain.)2.详细描述事件的起因如何导致结果的过程。(In this case,the bird is only a small part of this student’s sad story.Many things happen because of his irrespon－sibility and poor planning.)3.以“果”为文章做总结并指出最初的“因”。(It was the bird’s fault!)4.检查文章中的错误。

分享到: