II. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions:  After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 

(A)

William H. Gates, 40, is chairman and chief executive officer of Microsoft Corporation, the leading provider of software for personal computers worldwide. With net revenues (税收)of $5.94 billion for the fiscal year (财政年) ending in June 1995, Microsoft employs more than 18,000 people in 48 countries.

Gates began his career in personal computer software (25)______ he started programming at age 13 while a student at the Lakeside school. In 1974, (26)_____an undergraduate at Harvard University, he developed BASIC for the first microcomputer, the MITS Altair, (27)____ started the era of hobbyist computing . (28)______ (lead) by the belief that the personal computer would eventually be a valuable tool on every office desktop and in every home, Gates formed Microsoft with Paul Alien in 1975 (29)____ (develop) software for personal computers.

Gates’ early foresight about personal computing and his continuing vision have been central to Microsoft and the software industry. Gates is actively (30)_____ (involve) in significant operating and strategic decisions at development and management of the company. A significant portion of his day is also devoted to (31)____(meet) with customers and staying in contact with Microsoft’s employees around the world through e-mail. Gates is married and lives in Bellevue, Washington. Gates is inte rested in biotechnology and sits on the boards of Darwin Molecular and the Icos Corporation. He is an avid（渴望的）reader and enjoys playing golf and bridge. (32)_____  technology, the company wants to make it easier and more enjoyable for people to use software. The company is committed to the long term by investing in new technology, state-of-the-art projects and new products for the further expansion of personal computing. 

真相大白

名师把脉

步步为赢

25. 解析：when表示一段时间，a set period of time

26. 解析：while表示一段时间，a long period of time,可以理解为during the time

27. 解析：which，这里考察定语从句，which在从句中担任主语，不可以省略

28. 解析：Led，考察的是非谓语，表示被动时，用done的形式，表示主动时，用doing的形式，这里lead译为“在...指引下”，盖茨是被信念指引，被动标志是by

29. 解析：to develop，这里用不定式表示目的

30. 解析：involved，be involved in表示参与

31. 解析：meeting，考察固定搭配devote to doing

32. 解析：With，考察with的用法，with有随着；和、同；使用等意思

 (B)

Cigarette smoking kills. That we know. So, manufactures made electronic cigarettes as a safer smoking choice---safer than tobacco.

E-cigarettes contain the drug nicotine like cigarettes. But they do not use tobacco. And you do not light (33)      . They are powered by battery.

So, if e-cigarettes are so safe, why have poison control centers around the United States seen an increase(34)       telephone calls about e-cigarette poisonings? The answer is children.

Most of the calls are from people worried about children who have played with the devices. In the period of one month this year, the United States Centers for Disease Control say 215 people called the Center with e-cigarette concerns. More than half of these calls were for children(35)       _______(age) five and younger. The devices apparently had made them sick.

Tim McAfee is director of the CDC’s Office on Smoking and Health. He says the problem is regulation, meaning the U.S. Federal government does not control e-cigarettes(36)       ____ they contain liquid nicotine.
Mr. McAfee adds that liquid nicotine is a well-known danger.

“Nicotine historically has been used as a pesticide in the United States. And that’s where we have really had for many, many decades significant poisonings when people got exposed to nicotine that was in liquid solutions.”

Mr. McAfee explains that nicotine poisoning happens(37)       the substance gets into the skin, gets into the eyes or is swallowed. Even a small amount, he says,(38)      make a person sick. Nicotine poisoning can cause stomach pain or a sense of imbalance. Headaches and seizures （突发疾病）are also common sighs of nicotine poisoning. And too much nicotine can kill.

Tim McAfee says e-cigarettes do not create the level of risk to people as tobacco products do. He notes that almost 500,000 Americans die each year from cigarettes.
“So, cigarettes are the winner in that contest. And we don’t really know what’s going to happen with e-cigarettes.”

E-cigarettes do not contain hundreds of harmful chemicals(39) _____ are found in real cigarettes. So, the U.S. Surgeon General has suggested that e-cigarettes may be a useful tool for adults(40)      (try) to end their tobacco use, or quit.

But McAfee worries that teenagers may think electronic cigarettes are harmless. They could become addicted, or hooked, on the nicotine and then start smoking real cigarettes. In other words, he fears that for young people fake (假装)e-cigarettes could be a “gateway” to the real thing.

真相大白

名师把脉

步步为赢

33.解析：them，这里考查代词，指代E-cigarettes。light是动词，点燃；句子指E-cigarettes不用火点，他们是用电驱动的。

34.解析：in,考查介词。increase加介词in，表示在某方面增长。

35.解析：aged后接数字，表示岁数。

36.解析：even if /even though，考查理解，这里说问题出在监管，表示即便电子烟含尼古丁，监管部门也不控制。

37.解析：when，考查时间状语从句连接词。句子大意：当呈液态的尼古丁渗入皮肤、进入眼睛或被吞噬时，正是中毒发生的时候。

38.解析：can，考查情态动词；表示较肯定的推测,意为“可能”。即便少量的尼古丁也可能令人生病。

39.解析：that/which，考查定语从句关系词。先行词是chemicals，在从句中作主语。

40.解析：trying，考查现在分词作后置定语，修饰adults。

• 上一篇：2016普陀区高中二模解析之十一选十
• 下一篇：备考 | 2016年上海市中考英语二模首字母特辑