III. Reading Comprehension 

Section A  Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

The survey about childhood in the Third World shows that the struggle for survival is long and hard. But in the rich world, children can suffer from a different kind of poverty — of the spirit.    51   , one Western country alone now sees 14, 000 attempted suicides ( 自杀 ) every year by children under 15, and one child  52    five needs psychiatric (心理) advice.
      There are many good things about   53   in the Third World. Take the close and constant relation between children and their parents, relatives and neighbours for example. In the West, the very nature of work puts distance between   54   and children. But in most Third World villages mother and father do not go miles away each day to work in offices.  55   , the child sees mother and father, relations and neighbours working   56   and often shares in that work.
     A child   57   in this way learns his or her role through joining in the community's   work : helping to dig or build, look after animals or babies --- rather than through playing with water and sand in kindergarten, keeping pets   58   playing with dolls.
     These children may grow up with a less oppressive sense of space and time than the western
children. Their sense of days and time has a lot to do with the change of seasons and positions of
the sun or the moon in the sky. Children in the rich world,    59   , are provided with a watch as one of the   60   signs of growing up, so that they can  61   along with their parents about being late for school times, meal times, bed times, the times of TV shows.
     Third World children do not usually   62   to stay indoors, still less in highrise apartments (公寓) . Instead of dangerous roads, "keep off the grass" signs and "don't speak to strangers", there is often a sense of   63   to study and play. Parents can see their children outside rather than observe them   64   from ten floors up.
   65  , twelve million children under five still die every year through hunger and disease. But childhood in the Third World is not all bad.

51. A. As usual      B. For instance        C. In fact            D. In other words

52. A. by                 B. in                 C. to               D. under

53. A. childhood           B. poverty            C. spirit              D. survival

54. A. adults              B. fathers             C. neighbours        D. relatives

55. A. Anyhow            B. However           C. Instead           D. Still

56. A. away              B. alone              C. along            D. nearby

57. A. growing up          B. living through       C. playing           D. working

58. A. and                B. but                C. or               D. so

59. A. at any moment       B. at the same time     C. on the other hand   D. on the whole

60. A. easiest             B. earliest             C. happiest          D. quickest

61. A. care               B. fear                C. hurry            D. worry

62. A. dare               B. expect              C. have            D. require

63. A. control             B. danger              C. disappointment   D. freedom

64. A. anxiously           B. eagerly             C. impatiently       D. proudly

65. A. Above all           B. In the end           C. Of course        D. What's

真相大白

名师把脉

步步为赢

51. For instance；解析：前句转折，说富有国家孩子会受精神上的折磨。这里用 For instance，引出具体的例子。

52. in；解析：介词in放在两个数字之间，表示几分之几。One in five=1/5，即每5个孩子中便有1人。

53. childhood；解析：对照全文第一句“The survey about childhood in the Third World shows that the struggle for survival is long and hard”可知，第二段要叙述第三世界孩子的积极的一面；因此childhood是关键词。

54. adults；解析：上句提到“their parents, relatives and neighbours for example”，这里是对这三种群体的特点的总结，并与children相对，因此选adults。

55. instead；解析：承接上句，但大多数第三世界的乡村父母并不离家工作，相反的是，因此选instead。

56. nearby；解析：“puts distance between adults and children”指在西方工作带来距离，相比下，第三世界反而家人工作距离近，前后对比，关键词是distance。

57. growing up；解析：现在分词作后置定语，指在这种环境下成长的孩子。

58. or；解析：根据前句“helping to dig or build, look after animals or babies”能推断出这句也是给出选择。

59. on the other hand；解析：这里是做比较，第三世界的孩子的生活更接近自然；但另方面富有国家的孩子们的生活更人工。

60. earliest；解析：考察理解，获得手表是孩子长大的最早的标志。

61. care；解析：真正的谓语是care about，关心，上心；“along with their parents”是方式状语，放在这里是为了让句子结构更紧凑。

62. have；解析：have to，不得不，这里指第三世界孩子不一定非得待在家里。

63. freedom；解析：考察理解，前面说不一定得待在家里，隐含了自由的味道，因此可以推断后半句：除了一些硬规定（dangerous roads, "keep off the grass" signs and "don't speak to strangers"），他们能自由地选择学习或娱乐。

64. anxiously；解析：考察理解，第三世界的家长能直接看到孩子在外边玩耍的情况（因为没有高楼），出事的话也不会耽搁太多时间；而富有国家的家长，要从10楼高的地方很担忧地观察孩子的情况，因为楼高，出事的话没法及时到场。

65. Of course；解析：考查理解，让步一下，的确第三世界每年依旧有这么多的孩子死于疾病和贫困，但情况也不是全是糟糕的。

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