2016静安区高中二模解析之语篇填空

发布时间：2016-05-17

作者：高考项目部

来源于：昂立外语网站

I. Grammar and vocabulary

Section A

Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

牛刀小试

( A )

Is It Safe to Fly With an Infant on Your Lap?

Federal (联邦的) transportation safety officials are using the deadly crash of an overloaded plane in Montana to restore (25) ______________ long-standing debate about whether small children should be allowed to travel on the laps (大腿部) of adults.
The 10-seater plane crashed as it (26) ______________( land ) in Butte in March 2009, killing all 14 people aboard, including seven children. Investigators say that several of the children were found far from the plane, suggesting that they weren’t properly restrained.
The National Transportation Safety Board is asking regulators to require all passengers to have their own seats and seat belts, including children under the age of 2,who(27) ______________ ( allow ) to sit on an adult’s lap now.
The crash was so severe that it’s unlikely anybody would have survived even with proper restraints, (28) ______________ the “accident renews the NTSB’s longstanding concerns” about the restraints, the recommendation reads.
The FAA (联邦航空局) agrees that the safest place for a child on a flight is in a seat using an(29) ______________ ( approve ) child restraint and not on an adult’s lap. But the FAA won’t make it a requirement because the agency believes many families with small children wouldn’t pay the cost of an extra ticket, and instead would travel by highway, which statistically is much more dangerous than air travel.
Last decade, the FAA considered(30) ______________( change ) the rule, but decided against it, (31) ______________ ( refer ) to statistics (统计数字) from 2004 showing nearly 43,000 people died on U.S. highways, compared to 13 on commercial flights.
“What we found was (32) ______________ there were some parents who would be sensitive to price and they would choose to drive instead of fly,” FAA spokeswoman Alison Duquette said. “We would be forcing them into automobiles, which are less safe.”

真相大白

25. a 26. was landing 27. are allowed 28. but

29. approved 30. changing 31. referring 32. that

名师把脉

这是一篇关于一次空难引发的对“乘坐交通工具时小孩应当单独乘坐并系好安全带”的理想与现实的讨论。题目难度尚可，考点涵盖了冠词、时态语态、非谓语、名词性从句和非限制性代词等。扎实的语法功底加上准确的理解至关重要。

步步为赢

25. 解析：a，考查冠词用法。debate为可数单数名词，此处第一次出现，需要填不定冠词。

26. 解析：was landing，考查时间状语从句和时态。此处as意为“正当......的时候”，相当于while，从句描述过去用过去进行时。

27. 解析：are allowed ，考查被动语态和非限制性定从。连接词who指代children，孩子和allow之间是被动关系，注意该句背景为一般现在时。

28. 解析：but，考查前后逻辑的理解。即使是按要求系了安全带像这种程度的坠机也幸存不了，而事后却说“该事故重申了对安全带的长期关注”，两者明显是转折的关系。

29. 解析： approved ，改词为动词的过去分词作定语，意为“被认可的，经过检验的”。

30. 解析：changing，考查固定搭配consider doing sth.。

41. prospect。解析：realistic为形容词，缺名词，prospect意为前景。该句意思是永生未来可以成为现实吗？

42. frustratingly。解析： how后面缺程度副词修饰形容词slow，对抗各类疾病的斗争缓慢，这是令人沮丧的事情。

43. priority 。解析：形容词limited后缺名词，另外，注意“优先考虑”的表达——place/ priority on/upon sth.，平时要注重表达的积累。

44. unrepaired。解析：选择形容词修饰fault ，老化的出现因为细胞和组织中未修复的“毛病”。

45. trick。解析：trick有计策的含义。damage对应前句提到的fault，为同义转换。针对上述身体上的毛病，then引出解决方法就是修复这些问题。

46. replaced。解析：注意使役态have sth. done，由别人来做某事，这里是将心脏瓣膜和猪的替换，replace有替换的意思。

47. wiring 。解析：首先succeed in doing sth.，这里选唯一一个v-ing无可厚非。从含义上来看，这个手术是将计算机植入体与神经纤维连线。

48. potential 。解析：but连接前后转折的逻辑，前面两个例子是通过植入物造福病人，给人带来希望，后一句话锋一转，指出真正的潜力蕴藏在自身的干细胞中。

49. minor 。解析：选择形容词修饰割伤cuts，干细胞让人类在轻微割破皮肤后可以长出新的皮肤，运用常识也知道，大的伤害就需要借助医疗力量了。

50. failing。解析：与reproduce（重生）相对应，这里修饰定从先行词body是那些已损伤的机体，对failing的解释要到位，不是表面含义失败，而是功能缺失或有毛病的。

牛刀小试

( B )
Computers and Girls

The girls in this sixth grade class in East Palo Alto, California, all have the same access to computers as boys. But researchers say, by the time they get to high school, they are victims of (33) _________ the researchers call a major new gender gap in technology. Janice Weinman of the American Association of University Women says, “Girls tend to be (34) _________ ( comfortable ) than boys with the computer. They use it more for word processing rather than for problem solving, rather than to discover new ways in which (35) __________(understand) information.”
After re-examining a thousand studies, the American Association of University Women researchers found that girls make up only a small percentage of students in computer science classes. Girls constantly rate (36) ________ significantly lower than boys in their ability and confidence in using computers. And they use computers less often than boys (37) ________ the classroom.
The instructor of this computer lab says he’s already noticed some differences. Charles Cheadle of Cesar Chavez School says, “Boys are not so afraid that they might do something that will harm the computer, (38) _______ girls are afraid they might break it somehow.”
The software company Purple Moon says it has found what girls want --- characters they can relate to and story lines relative to what’s going on in their own lives. Karen Gould of Purple Moon Software says, “What we have definitely found from girls is that there is no essential reason (39) _________ they wouldn’t want to play on a computer; it was just a content thing.”
The sponsor of the study says it all boils down to this --- the technology gender gap that separates the girls from the boys (40) _______ be closed if women are to compete effectively with men in the 21st century.

真相大白

33. what 34. less comfortable 35. to understand 36. themselves

37. outside 38. while 39. why 40. Must

名师把脉

本篇文章以美国加州的East Palo Alto为例，讲述了女性越来越多地进入从前以男性为主的计算机学习领域。在21世纪，在领域女性与男性之间的差距会逐渐缩小。本篇属于信息报道类，难度一般，主要考查名词性从句，状语从句，不定式，连词以及情态动词。

步步为赢

33. what： what做call的宾语

34. less confortable：根据后面的than看出该题考查比较级

35. to understand：不定式表目的

36. themselves：从后面的their ability可以看出该词应指代“女生”。反身代词themselves

37. outside：因为课上男女生接触计算机的时间是一样的，所以该处应该指“课下”

38. while：从前面的boys are和后面的girls area不难看出该处应是一个并列结构，用while连接

39. why：why引导的原因状语从句

40. must：考查情态动词。从后面的women are to complete effectively with men可以看出，这里需要表示肯定语气的情态动词，所以应填must

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