中考英语定语从句语法解析（四）

四、针对性训练

选择最佳答案填空：

1. Sorry, we don’t have the coat ________ you need.

A. what                 B. who                   C. whom                D. which

2. Ten months has passed, but Chinese people still remember those exciting days ________ they spent during the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games.

A. that                   B. who                   C. when                D. where

3. Jim dislikes people ________ talk much but never do anything.

A. whom               B. when                 C. whose               D. who

4. It’s time to say goodbye to my school. I’ll always remember the people ________ have helped me.

A. who                  B. what                  C. which                D. where

5. I love people ________ are friendly to others.

 A. which             B. whose               C. what                  D. who

6. —Could you tell me something about Zheng He?

—Sure. He was a Ming Dynasty explorer ________ the Chinese people are proud of?

A. which               B. whose               C. whom                D. where

7. —What are you looking for?

—I’m looking for the pen ________ I bought yesterday.

A. who                  B. which                C. whose               D. it

8. —What kind of music do you like?

—I like music ________ I can sing along with.

A. who                  B. where                C. that                    D. when

9. This is the most beautiful picture ________ I have seen.

A. that                   B. which                C. whose                  D. what

10. Many young people love the songs ________ have great lyrics.

A. who                  B. those                 C. which                D. what

11. Do you know the man ________ is sitting behind Nancy?

A. what                 B. which                C. who                      D. whom

12. Is this the train ________ stops at Cambridge?

A. what                 B. that                    C. when                D. why

13. The watch ________ you gave me keeps perfect time.

A. that                   B. what                  C. who                   D. how

14. The people ________ called yesterday want to buy the house.

A. who                  B. which                C. whom                D. what

15. Which Mr Smith do you mean—the one ________ teaches history or the one ________ teaches music?

A. who, who        B. which, which   C. what, what       D. he, he

16. The woman ________B________ umbrella you took is very angry about it.

A. who                  B. whose               C. her                     D. which

答案点拨

1. 答案选D。由于先行词为指物的名词，所以引导定语从句的关系代词不能用who和whom，故可排除B和C；而what不是关系代词，不能引导定语从句，所以排除A。

2. 答案选A。虽然先行词是表示时间的days，但由于定语从句中的谓语动词spent缺宾语，故先行词不能选关系副词when，而应选关系代词that。至于who（用于指人）和where（用于指地方）均不合题目要求。

3. 答案选D。由于先行词为指人的名词，同时关系代词在定语从句中用作主语，故只能选指人的主格关系代词，四个选项中只有who符合要求。

4. 答案选A。由于先行词为指人的名词，所以引导定语从句的关系代词不能用which，故可排除C；而what不是关系代词，不能引导定语从句，故可排除B；由于where为关系副词，它此引导定语从句时，只能在从句中用作状语，不能用作主语。

5. 答案选A。由于先行词为指人的名词，所以引导定语从句的关系代词不能用which，故可排除A；而what不是关系代词，不能引导定语从句，故可排除C；由于关系代词在定语从句中有作主语，不是用作定语，故用who，不用whose。

6. 答案选C。由于先行词指人，故其后引导定语从句的关系词不能是which；而where只用于表示地点，也可排除；而关系代词whose主要用于名词前作定语，而空格后没有所修饰的名词，故也可排除。

7. 答案选B。由于it不是关系代词，不能引导定语从句，所以排除D；又因为先行词pen指物，不指人，故排除A；分析定语从句的句子结构可知，其谓语动词bought缺宾语，故选which。

8. 答案选C。由于music指事，不指人，故不能选who，排除A；又因为空格处所填关系代词用作介词with的宾语，所以不能选只用作状语的关系副词when和where，故排除B和D。

9. 答案选A。由于关系代词在定语从句中充当宾语，故只能选that和which，排除选项C；而what不是关系代词，不能引导定语从句，所以也被排除。另外，先行词受形容词最高级，所以其后的定语从句要用that来引导，故选A。

10. 答案选C。因先行词是the songs，指物，故用关系代词which，它在从句中作主语。

11. 答案选C。因先行词是the man，指人，并在从句中作主语，故只能用关系代词who，即答案选C。

12. 答案选B。由于定语从句 ________ stops at Cambridge的句子结构不完整，句子缺主语，故可排除只能用作状语的C和D；而what不是关系词，不能引导定语从句，故可排除A。

13. 答案选A。由于what和how都不是关系词，不能引导定语从句，故可排除B和D；who只用于指人，不用于指事物，故可排除C。that在此引导定语从句，且在定语从句用作宾语，也可省略。

14. 答案选A。当先行词指人时，要用who来引导定语从句，不能用which，故可排除B；而whom虽然可用于指人，但它是宾格，只用作宾语，不能用作主语，故也被排除；至于what，它根本不是关系代词，不能引导定语从句。

15. 答案选A。当先行词指人时，要用who来引导定语从句，不能用which。而选项C和D均不是关系代词，不能引导定语从句。

16. 答案选D。引导定语从句且在定语从句中作定语时，有两个关系代词可以用，一个是whose，一个是which。其中whose相当于one’s的意义，which相当于this或that的意思。

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