强调句重点和难点解析（二）

四、你会将not...until用于强调句型吗

It was not ______ he took off his dark glasses ______ I realized he was a famous singer.

A. when, that           B. until, that            C. until, when          D. when, then

此题选B。考察not...until的强调结构, 其基本句型为：

It is (was) not until(时间状语)that(不用否定)

他妻子走了之后他才来。

正：He didn’t come until his wife left.

正：It was not until his wife left that he came.

直到雨停他们才出发。

正：They didn’t start until the rain stopped.

正：It was not until the rain stopped that they started.

请做以下各题：

1. It was not until midnight ______ the noise of the street stopped.

A. that    B. this    C. since   D. at which

2. It was not ___1920 ___ regular radio broadcast began.

A. for, that                B. until, that

C. for, when             D. until, when

3. It was not _____ you had explained how _____ I managed to do it.

A. for, that                B. until, that

C. for, when             D. until, when

答案：1. A 2. B 3. B

五、It is...that通常不能强调哪些成分

It was a teacher that she ______.

A. was   B. seemed     C. looked   D. married

此题应选D。从句意上看似乎4个选项都行, 其实这里只能填D。因为填A, B, C 中的任意一个选项, 都会导致句中的 teacher成为表语, 然而按照强调句句法规则, It is...that这一强调句型是不能强调表语的。一般说来, 以下成分不能用于强调句中的被强调部分：

1. 表语：

她很美。

正：She is beautiful.

误：It is beautiful she is.

他是医生。

正：He is a doctor.

误：It is a doctor that he is.

但是宾语补足语却可以用作被强调部分：

他们选他担任主席。

正：They elected him chairman.

正：It was chairman that they elected him.

2. since, as原因状语从句(但because从句却可以)：

他不能来是因为他病了。

正：It is because he is ill that he can’t come.

误：It is since[as] he’s ill that he can’t come.

3. although引导的让步状语从句：

虽然累了, 但他还是去了。

正：He went although he was tired.

误：It was although he was tired that he went.

六、这是强调句吗

It was 9 o’clock ______ he came back last night.

A. that     B. when    C. since     D. this

此题应选 B。容易误选A, 误认为这是强调句型。假若这里填that, 构成强调句型, 那么被强调的 9 o’clock 是什么成分呢(注意它不能作状语)?但是若在 9 o’clock 前加一个介词(at, after, before等), 则可以填that构成强调句。

试比较：

It was at ten o’clock that he came back. 他回来时是10点钟。

It was after ten o’clock that he came back. 他是在10点过后回来的。

It was before ten o’clock that he came back. 他是在10点前回来的。

以上分析告诉我们, 上题填that不对(除非 9 o’clock前有介词)。那么填 when 又作何解释呢? 本题填when, 全句构成主从复合句, 其中的when引导时间状语从句(意为“当……的时候”), 全句意为：当他回来时, 时间是晚上9点。

再请比较：

1. a. It is autumn when leaves fall. 当树叶落的时候就是秋天了。

b. It is in autumn that leaves fall. 树在秋天落叶。

2. a. It was lunchtime when he called. 当他来访时, 已是吃中饭的时候。

b. It was at lunchtime that he called. 他是在吃中饭的时候来访的。

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