it用法重点和难点解析（二）

五、it还是he

有这样一道题，哪空该填 it 哪空该填 he?

a. Jim is at the door. ______ wants to see you.

b. Someone is at the door. ______ must be Jim.

A. That, It               B. It, He                  C. He, It                  D. Who, He

此题应选C。第a. 句填代词 he，是因为前面一句用了Jim这一身份和性别都很明确的名词；第b. 句填代词it，是因为前面一句了someone这一指代不明确的代词。

一般说来, 在指代身份或性别明确的人时, 通常要根据情况用代词he / she；若是指代身份或性别不明的人, 则用代词it：

I don’t know who it is. 我不知道那是谁。

A tall man stood up and shook hands with her. It was the general manager. 一个高个子站起来同她握了手，他是总经理。

Someone must have been here. But we have no idea who it was. 一定有人来过，但我们不知道是谁。

There was somebody standing in front of the shop, but I couldn’t see who it was. 商店前站着一个人，但我没看清是谁。

A：Who has let out the secret? 是谁泄漏了密秘?

B：It must be a big mouth. 一定是个快嘴。

A：I hear a knock at the door. 我听见有人在敲门。

B：It must be the postman. 一定是邮递员来了。

A：Do you know who that is? 你知道那个人是谁吗?

B：I suppose it is Mary’s father. 我想那是玛丽的父亲。

六、it在某些固定句式中的使用

Does ______ matter if he can’t finish the job on time?

A. this                     B. that                     C. he                       D. it

此题选 D。注意在以下句式中通常都用it作主语：

It looks as if that he is very rich. 他看起来好象很富有。

It seems that he is interested in music. 他似乎对音乐有兴趣。

It appears as if they have lost interest. 看来他们已失去了兴趣。

It happened that he was there with us. 碰巧他当时和我们在一起。

It matters little if I miss my bus. 即使我没搭上公共汽车也没什么大不了的。

顺便说一下It doesn’t matter. 的有关用法：

1. It doesn’t matter. 单独使用(即其后不接词)时，也可说成 That doesn’t matter. 其意为“没关系”(主要用来回答道歉和表示某事不是很重要)：

A：Would you go there with me? 你愿和我一起去吗?

B：I’d like to, but I have to post these letters.

我很愿意去，但我要去寄这些信。

A：That [It] doesn’t matter. 没关系。

2. It doesn’t matter. 若不是单独使用, 而是在其后跟有从句, 则句首的it便不能改为that：

It doesn’t matter to me whether she is pleased or not. 她是否满意对我而言并不重要。

七、it在强调句中的使用

______ these boys that played tricks on their teachers.

A. They were            B. It were                 C. There were           D. It was

此题应D。这是一个强调句型，其基本结构为：

It is＋被强调部分＋that(who)＋其它

该句型应注意以下几点：

1. 不管被强调部分是单数还是复数，其前一律用It is / It was，而不能用They are / There were之类的。

2. 被强调部分是指人时，被强调部分后可用that / who，被强调部分指物时，被强调部分后只能用that。

3. 被强调部分是指时间或地点时，被强调部分后通常用that，一般不用when, where之类的。

It is I who am right. 是我对。

It was you that were wrong. 是你错了。

It was in the Japan that he died. 他是死于日本。

It was yesterday that he got married. 他是昨天结婚的。

It was a computer that he bought last week. 他上个星期买的是一台电脑。

Where was it that she lived? 她是住在什么地方?

When was it that he left for Japan? 他是什么时候离开去日本的?

Who is it that teaches you English? 是谁教你们英语?

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