被动语态语法解析（四）

七、两类被动句型的转换

英语中有一种主动句可以转换成两种被动句型，它们通常是一些表示客观说明的句子，如：

People believed that she is honest. 大家相信她是诚实的。

→ It’s believed that she is honest. 大家相信她是诚实的。

→ She is believed to be honest. 大家相信她是诚实的。

比较上面两类被动句型可以发现，一类是“it+be+过去分词+that从句”，另一类则是“主语+be+过去分词+不定式”(其中的“主语”为前一类句型中that从句中的主语)，通常可用于这两类被动句型的动词有assume, believe, expect, fear, feel, know, presume, report, say, suppose, think, understand等，比较(同时注意其中时态和动词形式的变化)：

It’s expected that he will come soon. / He is expected to come soon. 预计他很快就会来。

It’s expected that he has come. / He is expected to have come. 估计他会已经来了。

It’s known that is a good singer. / He is known to be a good singer. 大家知道他是位优秀的歌手。

It’s known that was a good singer. / He is known to have been a good singer. 大家知道他曾是位优秀的歌手。

八、重点考点原创精练

1. We looked and looked, but the ring was nowhere _____.

A. to find            B. to be found     C. finding           D. being found

2. The president _____ a cool reception when he visited London.

A. gave               B. was given       C. had given        D. had been given

3. The students _____ ￡50 a year to cover the cost of books and stationery.

A. give               B. are given        C. have given      D. to give

4. I ______ from football practice because I had a cold.

A. excused      B. was excused       C. had excused       D. had been excused

5. A red sky in the morning ______ to be a sign of bad weather.

A. says               B. is saying         C. has said          D. is said

6. The bridge, which _____ 1688, needs repairing.

A. is dated from        B. was dated from      C. dates from      D. dated from

7. He was angry _____ your work. He said that he _____ at all.

A. at, didn’t satisfy     B. to, didn’t satisfy

C. at, wasn’t satisfied      D. to, wasn’t satisfied

8. Charles Babbage _______ to have invented the first telephone.

A. considered      B. had considered      C. was considered      D. had considered

9. “Do you know the girl in red?” “She seems to _____ me at last month’s party. But I’m not sure.

A. introduce to          B. be introduced to

C. be introduced to       D. have been introduced to

10. New medicines and instruments ______ every day to extend life.

A. develop          B. are being developed

C. are developing       D. have developed

11. It used to _______ that the Earth was flat.

A. think         B. be thinking     C. be thought      D. have thought

参考答案

1—5 BBCBD  6—10 CCCCB  11 C

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