英语写作中常见的七类错误（二）

四、非谓语形式不一致

动词的非谓语形式一直是英语学习中的一个难点，而动词非谓语形式的一致性问题更是许多同学经常忽略的一个问题。如：

误：To know what is good and doing what is right are two different things.

正：To know what is good and to do what is right are two different things.

析：由and 连接的两部分为并列主语，前一部分用不定式结构，后一部分也应用相同的结构。

误：Fishing is his favourite hobby, and to collect coins is also his hobby.

正：Fishing is his favourite hobby, and collecting coins is also his hobby.

析：误句的问题就在于句子不平行(不一致)，因为and前后都为句子，按英语习惯其结构形式应该一致。

五、代词不一致

代词一致的问题主要存在于性别一致、数的一致(单复数问题)和代词的格等方面。如：

误：There are forty students in our class, and thirty of them are boys.

正：There are forty students in our class, and thirty of us are boys.

析：从前一分句可看出，本句谈论的是“我们班”的情况，故后一分句也应用第一人称。

误：Once one has money, we can do what he wants (to do)

正：Once one has money, he can do what he wants (to do)

析：误句中前面提到的是one has money，面又有what he wants，we与前后代词不一致，故应改为he。

六、搭配不一致

搭配不一致主要指句中的固定搭配应保持完整并与上下文一致。如：

误：He worked so hard as he could catch up with his classmates.

正：He worked so hard that he could catch up with his classmates.

析：从固定形式上看，有so…as…,so …that… 等。但从句意上看，此处应该用so…that…，才能保持句意及结构的一致。

误：I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow.

正：I was so tired that I fell asleep the moment my head touched the pillow.

析：此处the moment是名词用作连词，表示“一……就……”，其前不能加at。

七、逻辑主语不一致

按英语习惯，当非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语应与句子主语保持一致，否则便会造成错误。如：

误：After reading the letter, tears ran down his cheeks.

正：After he read the letter, tears ran down his cheeks.

正：After reading the letter, he burst into tears.

析：after 引导动名词作状语时，要注意其逻辑主语与句子主语保      持一致。

误：Given more time, the work could have been done better.

正：Given more time, we could have done the work better.

析：在上句中，given 是 give(给)的过去分词，given more time为过去分词短语，在句中用作状语，表示条件，相当于 If we had been given more time。按照英语语法，分词短语用作状语，它的逻辑主语必须与句子主语保持一致。

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