怎么判断是定语从句还是独立主格

请看下面一道题：是考查定语从句，还是考查独立主格结构？

Not far from the school there was a garden, _____ owner seated in it playing chess with his little grandson every afternoon.

A. its                       B. whose               C. which                  D. that

分析：此题很容易误选B，许多同学会认为句中逗号后是一个非限制性的定语从句，whose 在定语从句中用作定语修饰其后的名词 owner。此分析从表面上看，似乎天衣无缝，但实质上是错的，原因是空格后根本不是一个句子，因为没有谓语。尽管句中有两个动词，但它们都是非谓语动词。也许有的同学认为，其中的 seated 可视为谓语动词，但是注意，seat 用作动词时，它总是及物的，其后要么接宾语，要么它就用于被动语态，所以若在 seated 前加上助动词 is，则可以选择B（当然若将 seated 改为 sitting，也应选择B）。所以此题最佳答案选A。请再看一个类似的例子：

(1) He wrote a lot of novels, many of _____ translated into foreign languages.

A. it                      B. them                   C. which                 D. that

(2) He wrote a lot of novels, many of _____ were translated into foreign languages.

A. it                      B. them                   C. which                 D. that

第(1)应选B，而不能选C，是因为句中的 translated 是过去分词(非谓语动词)，若选C，则该从句无谓语；第(2)应选C，因为句中有谓语 were translated。再请看下面一例：

(3) He wrote a lot of novels, and many of _____ were translated into foreign languages.

A. it      B. them       C. which     D. that

此题与上面的第(2)题不同，两句间多了一个并列连词and，说明这是一个并列句，故应选B，则不能选C。

请做做以下三题(答案均为B)：

(1) There I met several people, two of _____ being foreigners.

A. which                 B. them                    C. whom                  D. that

(2) There I met several people, two of _____ were foreigners.

A. which                 B. whom                   C. who                   D. that

(3) There I met several people, and two of _____ were foreigners.

A. which                 B. them                     C. whom                D. that

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