高中英语语法汇总：主谓一致（三）

主语是句子、短语

1、主语是非谓语动词短语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。如：

(1) Reading is of much help for learning a language. 阅读对学语言很有帮助。

(2) To keep on doing morning exercises is good. (= It is good to keep on doing morning exercises. )  坚持做早操很有好处。

2、主语是从句时，谓语动词一般用第三人称单数形式，如：

(1) Why he was absent yesterday is being questioned. 他昨天为什么没来正在询问之中。

(2) Where we can get so much money is still a problem. 我们到哪里去弄这么多钱还是个问题。

但what，who引导的从句做主语时，当指具体的东西或人时，谓语动词的形式必须根据具体的意思而定。如：

What I want are these things.

3、在强调句型“It + be + 被强调的部分 + that / who …”中，be总是用单数形式；that / who后的谓语动词的形式必须跟被强调的主语保持一致。如：

(1) It was Lin Tao who called you just now. 刚才给你打电话的就是林涛。

(2) It is you that are going to be invited to the party. 只有你将被邀请去参加聚会。

4、定语从句中谓语动词的形式必须跟先行词的单、复数形式保持一致。如：

(1) The girl who is speaking on the stage is Zhang Li’s sister. 在台上讲话的那个女孩是张力的姐姐。

(2) The children that are playing games over there are from Hunan. 在那边做游戏的孩子们是湖南人

注意：在“one of + 名词复数 + 定语从句”结构中，定语从句的谓语动词一般用第三人称复数形式，但当one前面有the, the very, the less, the only或形容词最高级修饰时，定语从句的谓语动词一般用第三人称单数形式，如：

(1) Li Lei is one of the students who are good at English. 李蕾是英语学得好的学生之一。

(2) Alice is the only one of the girls that is from America. 艾利斯是唯一的一个来美国的女孩。

5、there be结构中be动词的形式由紧接近be后面的名词的形式所决定。如：

(1) There is a teacher and seventy students in the classroom. 教室里有一个老师和七十个学生。

(2) There are seventy students and a teacher in the classroom. 教室里有七十个学生和一个老师。

6、在某些虚拟语气的句子中，无论主语是谁，be动词总是为were的形式。如：

(1) If I were a bird, I would fly in the sky freely. 要是我是一只鸟，我将自由自在地在天空飞翔。

(2) If he were here, I would talk to him face to face. 如果他在这里，我将面对面地跟他谈。

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