than引导比较从句时是什么词性（四）

下面我们再分析几个实例

9. This meat is better than what we had last week. 还原省略了的was:

9a. This meat is better than what we had was last week.

从句结构为SVP。Than为表语。

10. This meat is better than we had last week.

从句无省略，句型为SVO。Than在从句中作宾语。

11. This chicken is better than the one we had last week.还原was后为：

11a. This chicken is better than the one we had last week was.

从句结构为SVP，than在从句中作表语。

12. He is bigger than the boy we saw yesterday. 还原was后为：

12a. He is bigger than the boy we saw yesterday was.

从句结构为SVP，than在从句中作表语。

13. Mars is farther from the earth than the moon is. 还原省略后为：

13a. Mars is father from the earth than the moon is from the earth.

从句结构为AVP，than在从句作表语。

14. Mary has known Peter better than she has John. 还原省略后为：

14a. Mary has known Peter better than she has known John.

从句结构为AVOA，than在从句作状语。

15. Jane would do it much more quickly than I would. 还原省略后为：

15a. Jane would do it much more quickly than I would do it.

16. The roads are much quieter here than in London. 还原省略后为：

16a. The roads are much quieter here than the ones are in London.

从句结构为SVP，than在从句作表语。

17. Things are no better than before. 还原省略后为：

17a. Things are no better than they were before.

从句结构为SVP，than在从句中作表语。

18. John had a higher opinion of Mary than of Jane. 还原省略后为：

18a. John had a higher opinion of Mary than he had of Jane.

从句结构为SVOA，than在从句中宾语。

19. The bookcase is wider than it is tall. 从句结构为SVP，无省略。Than=compared with the degree to which, 在从句中做程度状语。

20. More people hope to live in the countryside than used to. 还原省略后为：

20a. More people hope to live in the countryside than used to hope so.

从句结构为SVO。Than=compared with the number of people who, 在从句中作主语。

通过以上分析，我们可以看出，than在引导比较状语从句时并不是从属连词，而是关系词（关系代词或关系副词），必须在从句中充当句子成分，即主语、宾语、表语或状语。了解到这一点，就可以对几乎所有省略了成分的than从句进行还原，并分析其本来的从句结构。认识than是关系词而不是从属连词对认识和运用英语比较结构有重要的意义。

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